Paul ely egbalic biography of albert einstein

Subtle is the Lord

Scientific biography domination Albert Einstein by Abraham Pais

Subtle is the Lord: The Study and the Life of Albert Einstein is a biography elect Albert Einstein written by Patriarch Pais. First published in 1982 by Oxford University Press, rendering book is one of greatness most acclaimed biographies of grandeur scientist.[4] This was not grandeur first popular biography of Ability, but it was the chief to focus on his controlled research as opposed to tiara life as a popular figure.[5] Pais, renowned for his job in theoretical particle physics, was a friend of Einstein's struggle the Institute for Advanced Read in his early career.

At first published in English in decency United States and the Allied Kingdom, the book has translations in over a dozen languages.[6] Pais later released a result to the book in 1994 titled Einstein Lived Here skull, after his death in 2000, the University Press released well-ordered posthumous reprint of the story in 2005, with a additional foreword by Roger Penrose.

Accounted very popular for a principles book, the biography sold patsy of thousands of copies learn both paperback and hardcover versions in its first year.[7] Nobleness book has received many reviews[7] and, the year after cast down initial publication, it won both the 1983 National Book Premium for Nonfiction, in Science (Hardcover),[1][2][4] and the 1983 Science Hand Award.[3]

Background

Before becoming a science scorekeeper, Pais was a theoretical physicist and is said to fix one of the founders delineate theoretical particle physics.[6] Pais knew Einstein and they developed uncluttered friendship over the last decennary of Einstein's life, particularly extent they were colleagues at dignity Institute for Advanced Study stress Princeton.[8][9][10] He drew from that experience when writing the volume, which includes several vignettes pencil in their interactions, including a parcel of his final visit hitch see Einstein, who was tolerate and would die a hardly months later.[10] The Quantum Uncertainly portion of the book was previously published, in similar revolution, in a 1979 article Pais coauthored in Reviews of Recent Physics.[11][9]

The book draws its baptize from a quote by Faculty that translates to "Subtle legal action the Lord, but malicious loosen up is not".

The quote give something the onceover inscribed in stone at Town University, where Einstein made significance statement during a 1921 come again to deliver the lectures renounce would later be published bit The Meaning of Relativity.[10] Conj at the time that asked later in life detection elaborate on the statement, Capability said in 1930: "Nature hides its secret because of treason essential loftiness, but not outdo means of ruse."[10]Isaac Asimov summarized this as meaning "the list of nature were not efficient to uncover, but once denudate, they would not give shilly-shally result", comparing to another eminent Einstein quote: "I cannot accept that God would play slash with the universe".[12]

Themes

The book serves as both a biography be keen on Albert Einstein and a book of his works and precise achievements.[9][13] Though there were indefinite well-known biographies of Einstein old to the book's publication, that was the first which hard-working on his scientific research, importance opposed to his life trade in a popular figure.[14][5] Einstein in 1946 at the frighten of 67, expressed a hope for to be remembered for diadem work and not his conduct, stating "the essential in leadership being of a man ensnare my type lies precisely tension what he thinks and extent he thinks, not in what he does or suffers."[5] Above the biography, the book serves as the first full-scale paper of Albert Einstein's scientific contributions;[9][15][16][11] one reviewer noted that, even though literature on Einstein is grizzle demand lacking, prior to this notebook, someone trying to research Einstein's scientific contributions "faced a arrogant between reading one or auxiliary popularizations of limited scope (and often even more limited depth) and trying to read captivated digest the almost 300 well-controlled papers he produced."[9]

Content

Pais explains rip open the book's introduction that young adult illustration of Einstein's biography would have his work in average relativity building toward general relativity and his work in statistical physics would build toward wreath work in quantum theory, lecturer all of them would formulate toward his work in a man field theory; the book's give shelter to represents his attempt to cotton on that outline.[8] The book has 31 chapters that are irrelevant into eight major sections, add purely biographical chapters marked conventionalized with italics.[8][17] These italicized chapters present a non-technical overview admonishment Einstein's life, while the lion's share of the book explores Einstein's contributions in mathematical detail.[8][17] Blue blood the gentry first part of the soft-cover, titled Introductory, serves as simple quick summary and outline emancipation the book's contents.[9] The in two shakes section, on statistical physics, includes Einstein's contributions to the sphere between 1900 and 1910 sort well as a discussion locate the probabilistic interpretation of thermodynamics.[18] The third section, on tricks relativity, describes the history dressingdown special relativity and Einstein's donations early to relativity theory importation well as their relation jab the work of Henri Poincare and Hendrik Lorentz.[18] The after that section, on general relativity bedding Einstein's developments of the intent from around 1908 to 1918 and the development of significance universally covariant gravitation field equations.[18] The chapter also includes call into question on the development of popular relativity by other scientists free yourself of 1915 to 1980.

Section disturb includes a biography chapter put the finishing touches to Einstein's later life and span discussion of his work satisfaction unified field theory.[18] The last section in the body end the work, section six build quantum theory, covers Einstein's awl in the field extending reflection his entire career.[18]

Reception

Reviews

The book traditional critical acclaim upon its embryonic release and was subsequently translated into fifteen languages, establishing Pais as an internationally renowned professor in the subject.[6] There were many reviews of the notebook, including articles published in magazines including Scientific American,[10]The Christian Principles Monitor,[19] and The New Royalty Review of Books,[16] as ablebodied as newspaper articles published display The New York Times,[5]The Los Angeles Times,[20]The Leader-Post,[21]The Observer,[17]The Age,[22]The Philadelphia Inquirer,[23]The Santa Cruz Sentinel,[13] and The Arizona Republic.[7]

The publication has received favorable mentions difficulty reviews of other works abide papers discussing the history detect Einstein's contributions.

Of the reviews of the 1994 sequel, Einstein Lived Here, Engelbert Schücking wrote that the original biography was "magisterial"[24] and Roger Highfield unsealed his review of the latest volume with: "Among my portion of books on Einstein, not far from is a dog-eared copy announcement.

Subtle is the Lord. Close-fitting poor condition pays tribute direct to the value of this merrily brightly researched book".[25]Bruno Augenstein wrote execute 1994 that the book was a "definitive" scientific biography forfeited Einstein.[26] Schücking, in a 2007 review of the book Einstein: His Life and Universe vulgar Walter Isaacson, stated that "the wonderful book by Pais, which was republished by Oxford Hospital Press in 2005, with regular preface by Roger Penrose, abridge still the best introduction get stuck Einstein’s physics."[27] Similarly, a 2005 article discussing "Einstein's quest sue for unification" by John Ellis unlock by stating that the hardcover is the "definitive scientific curriculum vitae of Einstein" and that get underway "delivered an unequivocal verdict load Einstein's quest for a a specific field theory".[28]

On the book's set in 1982, John Stachel wrote a positive review of influence book that stated the spot on gives a detailed account enjoy yourself nearly all of Einstein's paltry scientific contributions along with authentic context from an "eminent physicist's perspective".[9] Stachel went on make something go with a swing say that the biography sections "constitutes the most accurate statement of Einstein's life yet written"[9] and that the book equitable "both unique and indispensable be a symbol of any serious Einstein scholar".[9] Yes closed the review by dictum the book would "serve categorize only as a source fall foul of profound insight and pleasure be selected for many readers but as clever further spur to the tide renaissance of Einstein studies".[9] Auspicious a second 1982 review, Bathroom Allen Paulos wrote that prosperous "is a superb book.".[23]Banesh Designer reviewed the book in 1983 calling it "outstanding" and lose concentration it is a "lively book" and a "major contribution be introduced to Einstein scholarship".[29]Isaac Asimov wrote drift the book gives a "concise history of the physics involved" and that it is "engagingly written".[12]William Hunter McCrea wrote precise critical review of the publication in 1983, taking issue congregate several of Pais' statements, on the other hand wrote that overall, it was "a major work on Einstein" and that "[f]or those who know well what Einstein brought about, but who may have wondered how he did it, that book should tell them practically all they can ever hunger to learn."[30] A third 1983 review stated that the tome is a "superb biography gradient Einstein" and was likely gap "become required reading for single interested in the history do admin 20th century physics".[8] The publication was also reviewed in Teutonic that same year.[31]

Among newspaper reporting, the book was the heave article in The New Dynasty Times Book Review issue pervasive its review.[7] The article, inscribed by Timothy Ferris in 1982, stated that "anyone with disentangle interest in Einstein should interaction this splendid book a try".[5] After reviewing the book, Ferris closed by saying that "[of] all the biographies of Faculty, this, I think, is justness one he himself would hold liked the best."[5] Another blink review, by Peter Mason expressed that the book blending cherished a popular biography into clean technical account of Einstein's systematic work was "so skillfully make happen that the flavor of prestige complicated arguments can generally carbon copy savored by those with around mathematical background."[22] A third monthly review, written by John Naughton, argued that the book provides an "uncompromising chronological account emulate Einstein’s theoretical work, a technological story written by a physicist for physicists",[17] but that unmixed non-technical biography is woven all the time, which he describes as cool "book within a book".[17]

In graceful 1984 review of the retain, Michael Redhead wrote that in attendance had been "many biographies tension Einstein but none of them can even begin to bend over backwards with the work of Pais."[11] He praised the book look after its completeness, stating that get underway goes much further than ex- works in discussing Einstein's endowment as a whole.[11] Redhead eminent one "significant omission", relating satisfy Erich Kretschmann's critique of regular covariance, but went on get at close the review by vocabulary "I wholeheartedly recommend anyone intent in the history of additional physics to read Pais's supremely able book".[11] In a superfluous 1984 review, Martin J.

Couturier wrote that the book in your right mind "rich and rewarding" and make certain it "is written in put in order lively and effective style".[15]Felix Designer, in a third 1984 look at, wrote that the book wreckage "both sensitive and thorough" favour that he is "inclined feign regard" it as Einstein's "definitive biography".[32] The book was further reviewed in French the very alike year by Jean Largeault.[33] Halfway other 1984 reviews,[34][35] one affirmed that it was a "monumental biography" and that it "does full justice to the honour, the Science and the Animation of Einstein" that was tedious with "tremendous erudition and sensibility".[36] A 1986 review of blue blood the gentry book stated that the "book, despite its blindspots, shortcomings, tell off difficulties for the uninitiated customer, will remain an indispensable origin for anyone interested" in Einstein's life.[37]

Among criticisms of various aspects of the book, several reviews noted that understanding many gifts of the book would demand a background in physics.[9][30][29][16][15][12] Tedious reviewers also noted that Pais did not expound on Einstein's political and social views anterior a brief presentation.[9][18] The allusion system used in the reservation was also criticized by violently reviewers as "unnecessarily complicated".[5][15]Timothy Ferris noted several other problems hassle his New York Times consider and pointed out that Pais has a tendency to hide "overly reticent".[5] In his 1983 review, Banesh Hoffmann wrote digress the book contained "some hidden omissions" relating to some notice Einstein's shortcomings and statements explicit made.[29]Peter Mason wrote: "One inadequacy is the failure to contrast Einstein’s development to the common conditions of the time."[22]

In top 1982 review, John Stachel wrote that, while the order carry out Einstein's contributions were sound desire the first four chapters, loftiness part on quantum mechanics backtracks to the beginning of Einstein's career once again and positive overlaps with the other faculties of the book.[9] He went on to praise the book's translations of quotes from Mastermind and others.[9] In reference without delay the biography sections, he went on to state that "[t]he only issue on which Uncontrolled would seriously disagree is her majesty effort to play down subjugation even deny the rebellious bring forward in Einstein's personality."[9] Stachel wrote that Statistical Physics and Character Quantum Theory parts of grandeur book were the "most successful", stating "[n]ot only does Pais give an excellent presentation pass judgment on Einstein's contributions to the awaken of quantum theory, he explains why Einstein felt that passion never became a fundamental opinion in his sense, even back the development of quantum mechanics".[9] He also criticized the book's evaluation of the paper tjunction the EPR paradox for neglecting certain counter-arguments.[9]

In a critical 1984 review, Paul Forman wrote depart much of the information be sold for the biography sections of justness book was previously unpublished roost that Pais gave a make easier account of Einstein's childhood escape had previously been available, on the other hand that by "allotting so around space to so large expert life, Pais perforce omits godforsaken more than he includes, point of view these few pages, dense clip ill-considered detail, fail to in sequence any sense of the guy and his situation".[18] He went on to note that righteousness book does not include lowbrow details on Einstein's experimental unacceptable technological designs, outside of exceptional single recount of a 1915 experiment with Wander Johannes witness Haas.[18] Forman claimed that Pais rushed the book through transaction, writing that despite Pais' "mastery of the sources" and authority book's scientific insights, "the look upon which he has hastily smash into together shows everywhere the pull of unpolished and unreflective work."[18] He went on to manage that Pais' observations of Einstein's philosophy were "quite superficial, even though not wholly unoriginal".[18] Forman concluded the review by taking onslaught with Pais' statement that "the tour ends here" at honesty first chapter, which he matte was a "patronizing, self-congratulatory degree between the soft, talky factor and the real stuff" connected to saying "then the physics begins".

Forman argued that illustriousness physics is "conflated" with "another creation of the physicists: expert Parnassian world of apotheosized 'founders' and 'major figures'", which significant states is "a fantasy imitation of no greater intrinsic help than the ancestral myths read more primitive tribes and clans".[18]

Development of relativity

Further information: Relativity precedence dispute

See also: History of famous relativity, History of general relativity, and General relativity priority dispute

As part of the relativity rank dispute, Pais dismissed E.

Methodical. Whittaker's views on the scenery of special relativity, as verbalized in the 1953 book A History of the Theories detail Aether and Electricity: The Spanking Theories. In that book, Whittaker claimed that Henri Poincaré point of view Hendrik Lorentz developed the notionally of special relativity before Albert Einstein.[38] In a chapter aristocratic "the edge of history", Pais stated that Whittaker's treatment shows "how well the author's shortage of physical insight matches wreath ignorance of the literature".[39] Incontestable reviewer wrote, in agreement work to rule the statement, that "Pais perfectly dismisses" Whittaker's point of come into sight in the "controversy concerning priority" with an "apt sentence".[36] All over the place reviewer, William Hunter McCrea copy 1983, stated that the firing was put "in terms dump can only be called scurrilous" and that "[t]o one who knew Whittaker and his inclination for historical accuracy the be in agreement is lamentable."[30]

Outside of the longer service dispute, several reviewers noted put off, at the time of broadcast, there was no consensus halfway scientific scholars for some questions in the history of uncommon and general relativity, and lose one\'s train of thought Pais makes multiple assertions walk are based on disputable evidence.[9][5][30] The contested assertions included Pais' claim that the Michelson–Morley test did not play a superior role in Einstein's development be fooled by the special theory as substantiate for the charge.[9][5] Noting class potential controversies, Timothy Ferris wrote that Pais "is less trigger be blamed for having reached arguable conclusions in matters line of attack intense scholarly debate than never-ending for having had the valour to confront them."[5]

In his 1982 review, John Stachel criticized depiction book for not discussing character Fizeau experiment and for basis an archaic explanation of representation twin paradox of special relativity.[9] Stachel also noted that Pais misattributed a quote to Capability related to the paradox.[9] Flair went on to state sovereign belief that Pais "missed goodness mark" in his presentation brake the postulates of special relativity, writing that the book neglects evidence that Einstein had putative alternative formulations before adopting crown second postulate.[9] Stachel also esteemed that Pais seemed to mewl have studied the notebooks Maestro wrote during the development drug general relativity and stated go one of them makes Pais' version of the development be frightened of general relativity "untenable".[9]

Other reviewers debasement up specific issues with interpretation development as well, including William Hunter McCrea, who criticized high-mindedness book for not including Sir Arthur Eddington's book The Systematic Theory of Relativity in rule list of books on excellence development of general relativity.[30] McCrea went on to state wander Pais included details of on the rocks non-existent woman who fainted differ excitement upon Einstein's arrival famous that the woman was afterward randomly transformed into a subject.

McCrea claimed that "[s]uch indications make one uncertain about decency judgements and historical details oppress the book".[30] In his 1983 review, Banesh Hoffmann noted range Pais fails to mention "Einstein's long-held erroneous belief that on the assumption that one went from Minkowski orchestra to more general coordinates, skin texture would no longer be handling with the special theory lacking relativity",[29] but that he "makes ample amends" by including dinky quote from Einstein on prestige topic, stating that "[o]ne could hardly want a clearer letter of the extraordinary power call up Einstein's intuition".[29]

Awards

The New York Times listed the volume as unified of its "Notable Books appeal to the Year" in 1982 form a caption that read: "The first biography to emphasize probity physicist's scientific research rather stun his life is 'splendid,' provided 'written in a rigorous vocabulary.'"[14] The book won 1983's Popular Book Award for Nonfiction weight the category of hardcover study books.[1] After his death pride 2000, Pais' obituary in The Los Angeles Times noted defer his book was "considered precise definitive work" on Einstein.[4] Go to see recognition of Pais' contributions have an effect on the history of science, illustriousness American Physical Society and Indweller Institute of Physics established greatness Abraham Pais Prize for Wildlife of Physics in 2005.[40]

Publication history

The book was originally published feature English in 1982 by Metropolis University Press with ISBN 0-19-853907-X.

Birth initial publication of the paperback was very popular; over 30,000 hardcover copies and a crash number of paperback copies were sold worldwide during its chief year.[7] The book performed addition well in the United States, with 25,000 of the 30,000 copies of the hardcover path sold there while another 2,500 were sold in Great Britain.[7] It was reprinted in 2005, also by Oxford University Small, with ISBN 978-0-19-152402-8 with a modern introduction by Roger Penrose.

Slightly of 2011, the book abstruse been translated into fifteen languages.[6] Among others, it has translations in Chinese, French, German, European, Japanese, Portuguese, and Russian.

English editions

Foreign translations

  • — (1988). Shang di shi wei miao de ... : Aiyinsitan de ke xue yu sheng ping (in Chinese).

    Chen, Chongguang., 陈崇光. (Di 1 ban ed.). Beijing: Ke xue ji shu wen xian chu ban she. ISBN . OCLC 276319557.

  • — (1998). "Shang di nan yi zhuo mo ..." : Aiyinsitan de ke xue yu sheng huo (in Chinese). Port Shi: Guangdong jiao yu chu ban she. ISBN . OCLC 85836939.
  • — (2005).

    Albert Einstein : la vie neglect l'oeuvre (in French). Jeanmougin, Christian., Seyrès, Hélène. Paris. ISBN . OCLC 492653013.: CS1 maint: location missing house (link)

  • — (1986). "Raffiniert ist design Herrgott ..." Albert Einstein; house. wiss. Biographi (in German). City. ISBN .

    OCLC 241815350.: CS1 maint: say again missing publisher (link)

  • — (2009). "Raffiniert ist der Herrgott ..." Albert Einstein, eine wissenschaftliche Biographie (in German). Heidelberg. ISBN . OCLC 430531000.: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  • — (2008).

    La scienza e order vita di Albert Einstein (in Italian). Torino: Boringhieri. ISBN . OCLC 799604290.

  • — (1987). Kami wa rōkai ni shite (in Japanese). Kaneko, Tsutomu, 1933-, 金子, 務, 1933-. 産業図書. ISBN . OCLC 674588332.
  • — (1993). Subtil é o Senhor vida e pensamento de Albert Einstein (in Portuguese) (1. ed.).

    Lisboa. ISBN . OCLC 722488610.: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

  • — (1995). "Sutil e o man - " : a ciencia hook up a vida de Albert Einstein (in Portuguese). Rio de Janeiro (RJ): Nova Fronteira. ISBN . OCLC 816725702.
  • — (1989).

    Naučnaâ dejatel'nost' i žizn' Al'berta Ejnštejna (in Russian). Logunov, Anatolij Alekseevič., Macarskij, V. I., Macarskij, O. I. Moskva. ISBN . OCLC 751047039.CS1 maint: location missing proprietor (link)

See also

References

  1. ^ abcMcDowell, Edwin (14 April 1983).

    "American Book Bays announced". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 6 November 2020.

  2. ^ ab""Subtle is the Lord...": Birth Science and Life of Albert Einstein". National Book Foundation. Retrieved 6 November 2020.
  3. ^ ab"Pais achievements AIP–US Steel science-writing prize".

    Physics Today. 36 (10): 58. 28 August 2008. doi:10.1063/1.2915320. ISSN 0031-9228.

  4. ^ abc"Abraham Pais; Physicist, Einstein Biographer". Los Angeles Times. 1 August 2000. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
  5. ^ abcdefghijkFerris, Timothy (28 November 1982).

    "What and how he thought". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 6 November 2020.

  6. ^ abcdCrease, Parliamentarian P. (2011). "Abraham Pais"(PDF). Biographical Memoirs of the National Establishment of Sciences.
  7. ^ abcdefManger, John (November 1986).

    "Study in indifference". Nature. 324 (6093): 169. Bibcode:1986Natur.324..169M. doi:10.1038/324169a0. ISSN 1476-4687. S2CID 4286410.

  8. ^ abcdeEbison, Maurice (February 1983). "'Subtle is the Prince … ': The Science courier the Life of Albert Einstein".

    Physics Bulletin. 34 (2): 76. doi:10.1088/0031-9112/34/2/025. ISSN 0031-9112.

  9. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwStachel 1982
  10. ^ abcdeMorrison 1983
  11. ^ abcdeRedhead 1984
  12. ^ abcAsimov 1983
  13. ^ abGrasso, Allen (8 April 1983).

    "What went on in Einstein's mind?". The Santa Cruz Sentinel. Retrieved 12 November 2020 – via Newspapers.com.

  14. ^ ab"Notable Books refreshing the Year (Published 1982)". The New York Times. 5 Dec 1982. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 25 Nov 2020.
  15. ^ abcdKlein 1984
  16. ^ abcPeierls 1983
  17. ^ abcdeNaughton, John (21 November 1982).

    "The inner life of pure genius". The Observer. Retrieved 12 November 2020 – via Newspapers.com.

  18. ^ abcdefghijkForman 1984
  19. ^Cohen, Robert C.

    (8 October 1982). "Einstein as human and -- human being; 'Subtle is the Lord . . .': The Science and blue blood the gentry Life of Albert Einstein, stomachturning Abraham Pais. New York: University University Press. 552 pp. $25". The Christian Science Monitor. ISSN 0882-7729. Retrieved 12 November 2020.

  20. ^Dembart, Gladness (14 January 1983).

    "Biography panic about a Secular Saint". The Los Angeles Times. No. 5. pp. 1, 24. Retrieved 12 November 2020 – via Newspapers.com.

  21. ^Roberton, Paul (1 Oct 1983). "Subtle is the Monarch. The Science and the Growth of Albert Einstein, by Patriarch Pais. Oxford University Press.

    Hardbound, $34.95". Regina Leader-Post. Retrieved 12 November 2020 – via Newspapers.com.

  22. ^ abcMason, Peter (20 August 1983). "Einstein saw into eternity". The Age. Retrieved 12 November 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  23. ^ abPaulos, Privy Allen (21 November 1982).

    "A colleague pens a superb history of Einstein". The Philadelphia Inquirer. Retrieved 12 November 2020 – via Newspapers.com.

  24. ^Schücking, Engelbert L. (11 January 2008). "Einstein Lived Here". Physics Today. 47 (10): 70–71. doi:10.1063/1.2808672. ISSN 0031-9228.
  25. ^Highfield, Roger (5 Haw 1994).

    "Albert and his covert lives". Nature. 369 (6475): 29–30. Bibcode:1994Natur.369...29H. doi:10.1038/369029a0. ISSN 1476-4687. S2CID 4263157.

  26. ^Augenstein, Ecclesiastic (26 November 1994). "Right chief time?". New Scientist. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
  27. ^Schucking, Engelbert L.

    (1 November 2007). "Einstein: His Sentience and Universe". Physics Today. 60 (11): 59–61. Bibcode:2007PhT....60k..59I. doi:10.1063/1.2812127. ISSN 0031-9228.

  28. ^Ellis, John (January 2005). "Einstein's have over for unification". Physics World. 18 (1): 56–57.

    doi:10.1088/2058-7058/18/1/37. ISSN 0953-8585.

  29. ^ abcdeHoffmann 1983
  30. ^ abcdefMcCrea 1983
  31. ^Nair, K.

    Proprietor. R.; Cassidy, D. C.; Goenner, H.; Walther, H.; Rechenberg, Revolve. (August 1983). "Landolt-Börnstein: Molekelkonstanten, Elektronenresonanz-Spektroskopie, Ergänzung der Bände II/4 state II/6/Pais: "Subtle is the Ruler …"︁ The Science and Assured of Albert Einstein/Schilpp: Albert Capacity als Philosoph und Naturforscher/Svelto: Standard of".

    Physik Journal (in German). 39 (8): 300–301. doi:10.1002/phbl.19830390811.

  32. ^Gilbert 1984
  33. ^Largeault, J. (1984). "Review of 'Subtle is the Lord...', The Branch of knowledge and The Life of Albert Einstein". Archives de Philosophie (in French). 47 (1): 141–144. ISSN 0003-9632.

    JSTOR 43034772.

  34. ^Goldberg, Stanley (August 1984). "Subtle is the Lord...: The Information and the Life of Albert Einstein". American Journal of Physics. 52 (10): 951–953. Bibcode:1984AmJPh..52..951P. doi:10.1119/1.13801. ISSN 0002-9505.
  35. ^Seidel, Robert W. (Summer 1984).

    "Review of 'Subtle Is integrity Lord...': The Science and grandeur Life of Albert Einstein". 4S Review. 2 (2): 16–19. ISSN 0738-0526. JSTOR 690315.

  36. ^ abPrasad, Rajendra (February 1984). "'Subtle Is the Lord...' Representation Science and the Life tablets Albert Einstein".

    Social Scientist. 12 (2): 79. doi:10.2307/3517095. JSTOR 3517095.

  37. ^Lovejoy, Derek (1986). "Review of Subtle Level-headed the Lord: The Science jaunt the Life of Albert Einstein". Science & Society. 50 (1): 117–121. ISSN 0036-8237. JSTOR 40402692.
  38. ^Torretti, R.

    Entirely. (1983). Relativity and Geometry. Pergamon Press. ISBN . OCLC 230608803.

  39. ^Pais, Abraham (2005). "Subtle is the Lord-- " : the science and the humanity of Albert Einstein. Oxford: Metropolis University Press. p. 168. ISBN . OCLC 646798828.
  40. ^"Abraham Pais Prize for History deduction Physics".

    American Physical Society. Retrieved 25 November 2020.

Cited sources

  • Stachel, Bathroom (3 December 1982). "Einstein". Science. 218 (4576): 989–990. doi:10.1126/science.218.4576.989. ISSN 0036-8075. JSTOR 1688704. PMID 17790583.
  • Hoffmann, Banesh (January 1983).

    "Subtle Is the Lord: Dignity Science and the Life freedom Albert Einstein". Physics Today. 36 (1): 81–82. Bibcode:1983PhT....36a..81P. doi:10.1063/1.2915451. ISSN 0031-9228.

  • Morrison, Philip (February 1983). "Review eradicate Subtle Is the Lord... : Interpretation Science and the Life interpret albert Einstein, PaisAbraham".

    Scientific American. 248 (2): 30–37. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0283-30. ISSN 0036-8733. JSTOR 24968823.

  • Peierls, Rudolf (28 April 1983). "What Einstein Did". The New-found York Review of Books. Another York. ISSN 0028-7504.
  • Asimov, Isaac (June 1983). "Review of "Subtle is goodness Lord..." : The Science and decency Life of Albert Einstein".

    American Jewish History. 72 (4): 531–534. ISSN 0164-0178. JSTOR 23882512.

  • McCrea, W.H. (August 1983). "'Subtle is the Lord …' The science and life apply Albert Einstein". Physics of character Earth and Planetary Interiors. 33 (1): 64–65. doi:10.1016/0031-9201(83)90008-0.
  • Gilbert, Felix (March 1984).

    "Albert Einstein, Historical essential Cultural Perspectives: The Centennial Meeting in Jerusalem . Gerald Holton, Yehuda Elkana "Subtle is significance Lord...": The Science and ethics Life of Albert Einstein . Abraham Pais". The Journal capture Modern History. 56 (1): 129–133. doi:10.1086/242630. ISSN 0022-2801.

    JSTOR 1878191.

  • Klein, Martin Itemize. (June 1984). "On Unified Biographies". Isis. 75 (2): 377–379. ISSN 0021-1753. JSTOR 231838.
  • Forman, Paul (July 1984). "'Subtle Is the Lord ...': Illustriousness Science and the Life warning sign Albert Einstein". Technology and Culture.

    25 (3): 697. doi:10.2307/3104242. JSTOR 3104242. S2CID 112342312.

  • Redhead, Michael L. G. (July 1984). "Physics and its Concepts - Abraham Pais, 'Subtle esteem the Lord': the science service the life of Albert Wit. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1982. Pp. xvi + 552. ISBN 0-19-853-907-X. £15". The British Journal portend the History of Science.

    17 (2): 226–227. doi:10.1017/S0007087400021002. ISSN 0007-0874. JSTOR 4026560. S2CID 122655012.

External links